Foundations of Chemical Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the foundation of physical chemistry, explaining why and how chemical reactions occur. This text-based course breaks down complex thermodynamic equations into clear, intuitive concepts that anyone can grasp. You will transition from basic definitions of heat and work to predicting the feasibility of complex chemical reactions with confidence. * Understand foundational thermodynamic terms, including systems, surroundings, state functions, and path functions. * Apply the First Law of Thermodynamics to calculate internal energy changes, heat transfer, and work done in various processes. * Master thermochemistry concepts, including enthalpy of reaction, Hess's Law, and calorimetry calculations. * Analyze entropy changes and the Second Law of Thermodynamics to determine reaction spontaneity. * Calculate Gibbs free energy and relate it directly to chemical equilibrium constants. * Practice solving step-by-step physical chemistry problems using modern, structured problem-solving frameworks. This course begins with essential terminology and the core laws of energy conservation before moving into enthalpy, entropy, and free energy calculations. Each section features written walkthroughs and practice problems to help you build analytical skills. Designed for beginners and high school chemistry students, this course requires only basic algebra and no prior thermodynamics background. Start reading today to build a strong foundation in physical chemistry.